Suppose you want to accumulate $12,000$ in a $5 \%$ account by making a level deposit at the beginning of each of the next 9 years. Find the required level payment. So this seems to be an annuity due problem. I know the following:
$ \displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^{n} \frac{A}{(1+i)^{k}} = \frac{A}{1+i} \left[\frac{1- \left(\frac{1}{1+i} \right)^{n}}{1- \left(\frac{1}{1+i} \right)} \right] = P$.
So in this problem, we are trying to solve for $P$? Just plug in the numbers? Or do we need to calculate the discount rate $d = i/(i+1)$ since the annuity is being payed at the beginning of the year?